You do not have to be an expert to know that earthmoving and excavation are high-risk jobs. Excavation services professionals must overcome various challenges to carry out their duties successfully.

That is why, if you plan to hire an excavation company, you must hire a reputable and competent one who will overcome these challenges with flying colors.

In this article, we discuss some challenges professionals face and overcome as we answer the question: What are the issues in excavation?

What Is Excavation in Construction?

The excavating team can only begin working on any construction project if the site has already been surveyed. This is where grading comes in.

Grading involves studying the project site. Grading covers all these things, from soil types to distances to facilities or structures to the slopes of the land.

The excavating team then designs a project plan detailing the machinery needed for the job, schedules, etc. After that, they'll get the necessary licenses and permits to start developing the site.

What Are the Issues in Excavation?

The Slopes and The Angles

These are some of the greatest challenges in excavation. Even the flattest lands generally have a slope, even if it is just a slender, negligible angle. Naturally, this slope, notwithstanding how slender it might be, will greatly affect the excavation due to the problems inherent to the slope of the earth.

This is a fundamental geometry that the specialists have to deal with.

The greater the slope angle, the more the excavators have to ensure that the water does not keep on constantly running into the foundation and that the gravitational forces do not cause the construction to lean with time. To counter this challenge, the concept of constructing swales comes into play to divert the flow of the water.

Countering Troublesome Water

While water is an essential component in construction, it can be detrimental to exaction and earth movement. Indeed, water, at times, poses the most significant challenge. If the area's water table is shallow and the moisture content of the soil to be moved is high, then the earthmoving service experts have quite a task in hand.

Sometimes, the specialists bump against unexpected issues like waterlogged grounds and constant water flooding. These pros must use their knowledge and experience to overcome the challenge.

At times, they would adopt additional processes like digging several supportive trenches as well as deep wells, which would force the water somewhere else, away from the excavation site.

Countering The Rocks

This is another challenge that these professionals would face. The extent of hassle the excavators face depends on the type and extent of rocks. And as the challenges unfold, the pros take adequate measures to counter them.

Dealing With The Soil

The soil itself is another predicament faced by every excavation company. One of the stiffest challenges is that, considering the moisture content and makeup, the soil can quickly cave back into the pits and holes. Again, it will behave differently if the soil is a bit on the softer side or grainy. Hard soil will again act differently. Thus, depending on the type of soil they are dealing with, the excavation companies will take adequate measures.

The Threat Of A Cave-In

Numerous potential hazards exist when working in trenches and excavations. The most typical hazard is the threat of cave-in, which occurs when the walls of an excavation collapse.

Cave-ins can be deadly. Wall failures usually occur suddenly, with little or no time for workers to react. The soil's weight crushes and twists the body, causing serious injury or even death in a matter of minutes.

Excavations need not be deep or large to create a life-threatening hazard, so every excavation project must be taken seriously.

Why do cave-ins occur? The nearby soil's natural horizontal and vertical forces keep undisturbed soil in place. When we dig into the earth, these natural forces can no longer hold back the soil left behind.

With no support, the laws of gravity eventually take over, and the soil from the excavation walls moves downward and inward into the excavation. The result is a cave-in.

How to Avoid Excavation Issues Through Good Construction Practices

• Stop excavation once water seepage into the excavated area surpasses the dewatering system's capacity. Apply corrective measures to control the issue.
• However, the increase in water seepage is due to temporary factors like heavy rain. In that case, the issue will disappear quickly and need no further measures aside from halting excavation.
• Sometimes, groundwater seepage is low, but too much hydrostatic pressure beneath the rather impervious soil layer creates uplift pressure, leading to foundation instability.
• Carefully observe the excavation work and search for signs of uplift pressures, like the upliftment of the ground surface, development of soft wet areas, lateral movement, piping of materials from the slope, or uncontrolled seepage flow.
• Record the quantity of disposed water from the excavated area accurately to monitor any increase in water flow into the excavated area.
• Surface water is another source of problems that may arise during excavation. Provide proper surface drainage, like a ditch, to divert surface runoff, or else the excavated area will suddenly fill with water, causing construction delays.
• Maintain the surface drainage to keep the excavated spot in good condition until the end of the backfilling process. Moreover, strategically install snow fences around the excavation spot to protect it from drifting snow.
• If the excavation needs shoring and bracing, install shoring and bracing before allowing the excavation to cut. The lateral pressure of moved soil after excavation is more significant than that of unmoved soil.
• Provide enough distance between the excavation edge and the location of operating heavy machinery and stockpiling to prevent endangering the stability of the excavated area.
• Prevent excessive erosion of excavation slopes. During heavy rain, cover the excavation slopes with polyethylene sheeting, straw, and silt fences.
• Classify excavated material into different classes of backfill and stockpile it accordingly. Add water to the backfill material to attain the optimum moisture content for compaction. Protect the backfill material to avoid water entry.

Before You Hire a Team for Your Excavation Project

Before proceeding with the project, you should discuss certain things with your excavation team. These include erosion and sediment control, as well as clearing and grubbing.

If there are erosion issues, the excavating team must be ready with mechanical and vegetative measures to control the problem. Otherwise, inspectors could stop the whole project.

Clearing and grubbing, on the other hand, involve disposing of brush, trees, stumps, and roots. There are specific laws and ordinances regarding this, so it's best to check with your state before burning the cleared objects.

Some Tips for Hiring an Excavation Contractor

Now that you know the essentials for starting an excavation project, the next step is to hire the right excavation contractor.

One factor that will affect your decision is the scale of your project. If you need full-service excavation, you can only hire one that does septic tank installations, for example.

You'll also want to hire a company with years of experience and the right equipment for all kinds of excavating jobs. While it's tempting to hire someone who offers low rates, what's more important is the quality of the work. Go for a contractor who knows how to meet and exceed industry standards and is licensed, bonded, and insured.

Looking for Excavating Services?

We can help. We provide excavating and grading services at reasonable prices. Don't hesitate to call us for more information on how we can help your upcoming excavation project.

When it comes to residential, industrial, or commercial construction, the initial step involves clearing the land. Various earthmoving machines play a role here. These machines can clear, flatten, and remove soil, creating a smooth surface for constructing foundations. But what is earthmoving in construction?

If you're preparing for a construction venture, it's crucial to understand earthmoving equipment and the earthmoving process. This knowledge is essential before deciding on the project's commencement. A building's stability primarily hinges on its foundation, so ensuring accuracy is vital.

What Is Earthmoving in Construction?

When we talk about earthmoving, it involves using big machines to shift a lot of dirt, often to dig the base of structures. Employees transport and handle sizable amounts of soil and different materials to and from places where buildings are made as part of their work.

Earthmoving machinery might be needed to clear debris, trees, plants, and obstacles in the designated zone. It can also be employed to excavate foundations or ditches, mine operations, and grade.

Earthmoving equipment is also essential for preparing land for residential construction and civil projects, including roads, drains, bridges, overpasses, car parking, etc. Earthmoving apparatus is the cornerstone of all infrastructure and building projects.

You'll find many earthmoving machines at significant mining and quarry sites, ranging from small and agile gear for cramped spots to large-scale machinery. Depending on the equipment type, they'll be transported using either steel or rubber tracks or commercial-grade tires.

Many earthmoving machines are designed for specific tasks. Some are made to dig and shift dirt and soil, while others are crafted to transport, compact, and more. Certain machines are suitable for grading, constructing slopes, and making trenches and additional cuts in the ground. There is also more adaptable equipment capable of performing a variety of functions.

What Equipment Is Used for Earthmoving?

There are many different types of earth-moving equipment, each designed for a specific purpose.

The most common types of earth-moving equipment are:

Excavators

One of the most common and essential equipment on any building site, the excavator does exactly what it says. The primary purpose is to remove soil and rocks from one location before dumping them into another. The vehicle consists of six main parts: tracks/wheels, a cab, a boom, a stick, a hydraulic arm, and an attachment, often a metal excavator bucket or scoop.

The machine can move forwards and backward on the tracks or wheels when necessary to reposition, while the main body can spin on a 360-degree axis. This allows the operator to dig and deposit in all directions, increasing efficiency.

However, the excavator can also carry out several other tasks on the building site, including mixing materials, cleaning up the site, laying pipes, demolition, landscaping, battering, benching, trench digging, loading, lifting, drilling holes with an Auger, cutting, boxing, breaking rocks, and more.

Wheel Loader

Moving heavy materials from one place to another on a construction site is invaluable and essential. This is where the wheel loader comes into play. Fitted with a huge front bucket or scoop, the wheel loader can transport masses of dirt, rocks, or other materials from A to B.

It can also load this same material into another vehicle for further transportation. The wheel loader comprises four large wheels, a cab, booms, a hydraulic arm, and a large metal bucket. The same vehicle can also be adapted for different jobs by removing the bucket attachment and fitting something new, such as a drill, rippers, or scarifiers.

Other uses of the wheel loader include cleaning up the site, backfilling, cutting and boxing, stockpiling, material mixing, lifting, hole drilling, and stripping soil.

Backhoe Loaders

While we have looked at machines that excavate and machines that load already, the backhoe loader is a jack of all trades. It is fitted with a bucket at the front for loading and a rear-mounted bucket for excavation. Like the other machines, the backhoe loader can also have its buckets and loaders removed instead of additional attachments.

The vehicle comprises four wheels, legs for stabilizing, a cab, a front-mounted bucket, a rear-mounted bucket, a boom, and a stick. The backhoe can also be used for loading, material mixing, landscaping, battering, benching, cutting and boxing, backfilling, lifting, trenching, breaking rocks, and more.

Bulldozers

Bulldozers are considered one of the construction industry's strongest and most reliable heavy equipment. A bulldozer is an extremely heavy and powerful machine that moves dirt along large open tracts of land. Bulldozers have a broad, flat blade at the front, maneuvered by two hydraulic pistons, allowing movement within a restricted range of depths and angles for various tasks and applications.

Bulldozers are typically utilized to move mounds of soil and for coarse or precise leveling, influenced by the bulldozer's size. A bulldozer's considerable weight helps to crush sizable boulders, among various tasks.

Skid-Steer Loaders

The skid steer loader is by far the smallest, most nimble, and most versatile piece of machinery on this list. Hence, it is ideal for jobs in tighter spaces, such as private property works or smaller urban construction sites.

The reason the skid steer loader is so versatile is that the front attachment can be switched out for a wide array of options, such as a 4 in 1 Bucket, rotary hoe, dozer blade, hammer, drill, chain trench digger, GP bucket, pallet forks, and much more.

This vehicle can be used for the following: breaking rocks, cleaning up the site, material mixing, loading, excavating, battering, benching, stripping soil, loading, and much more.

Motor Graders

Motor graders are heavy equipment for fine grading and moving small amounts of dirt. They include a long blade that can be adjusted to meet specific angles to create a flat surface. They can also be equipped with a second blade in front of the front axle and, in certain instances, can be used for underground mining.

Motor graders are normally used to fine-grade gravel or dirt roads or to prepare the road base course before placing asphalt. Graders can also create sloped surfaces or drainage ditches with shallow V-shaped cross-sections.

Crawler Loaders

A crawler loader combines the features of an excavator with those of a backhoe or bucket loader. Thanks to its tracks, it boasts outstanding stability and its adaptable bucket proves handy for shifting soil and debris and loading materials onto trucks.

Crawler loaders are used in excavations for somewhat modest projects. Larger-scale tasks often opt for a hydraulic excavator instead of a crawler loader.

Trenchers

As the name suggests, a trencher is employed for digging trenches, typically narrow ones for piping and cabling. Trenchers vary in types and sizes, ranging from compact walk-behind models to sizable trenching machines capable of cutting into asphalt pavement and other tough surfaces.

The trencher features a conveyor system transporting the excavated material, depositing it beside the trench. Trenchers utilize different digging tools based on the trench's depth and the material being excavated.

Scrapers

A scraper can move aggregates and dirt quickly around a construction site and is primarily used for leveling and digging large land areas. Scrapers are heavy large equipment designed for open areas, allowing them to move quickly during cutting and filling tasks.

Large self-propelled scrapers are known as motor scrapers. There are also smaller scrapers, known as pull scrapers, that are pulled behind another vehicle.

Common Dump Trucks

Dump trucks are required on almost every large job site. They offer limited functions but perform the all-important task of dumping and moving many types of heavy material. They're also road-ready, so they can bring material into or out of the site and travel anywhere large equipment is permitted.

Dump trucks vary in size to meet diverse capacities and load requirements, from compact utility trucks with dump beds to massive machines employed in mining activities.

What Projects Involve Earthmoving?

Earthmoving equipment is often used on projects that involve land preparation or foundation laying, often at the very start of a much larger job.

However, earthmoving equipment may also be used on projects, including mining and aggregate quarries, building bridges and tunnels, site clearance, reservoir and dam construction, road and railway building, municipal buildings, and laying sewers and underground pipe networks.

Do you need experts who can help you with earthmoving for construction, get in touch with our experts here at Shilling Excavation!

Whether constructing a commercial or residential building, roadways or bridges, or installing pipes and underground utility lines, inspecting and preparing the land to ensure a sturdy foundation is critical; excavation is an important aspect of any construction project, involving various tools and techniques to shift soil, rock, and materials, creating a cavity, and preparing the area for construction.

For building projects, construction firms use a variety of excavation types. The material and the aim of the excavation determine the type of excavation utilized. So, what are the procedures for excavation? And are there other types of excavation?

Here are some types of excavation in construction classified based on material and purpose:

Excavation by Material

Topsoil Excavation

As the name implies, this excavation process involves removing the outer or upper part of the earth's surface. The excavation procedure eliminates plants, soil, and other decaying debris that may render the site unfit for structural loads.

Rock Excavation

Excavating in this method is used for surface cleaning, particularly on difficult areas that impede construction. The level of difficulty of rock excavation exceeds that of other approaches. It is mostly because specialized tools and processes, such as drilling or blasting, are required to remove the rock and clear a durable surface.

Muck Excavation

Muck, the combination of soil and water, is often undesirable during construction and needs to be removed. Muck excavation is named after the material being removed. The muck is either moved to another area or spread out to dry.

Earth Excavation

To create a foundation for buildings and bridges or construct drainage ditches, various layers of earth need to be removed. Earth excavation includes the removal of soil, the layer below the topsoil, for construction.

Excavation by Purpose

Cut and Fill Excavation

Stripping excavation, also called by that name in construction, is applied to clear expansive spaces. The method removes broad and superficial layers of topsoil, rocks, sand, and other undesired substances. This process might additionally encompass leveling the terrain.

Trench Excavation

In this type of excavation, the dug area's length is more than the depth. Trench digging is commonly applied to bury service lines, set up pipelines and sewer systems, or place foundations. This digging is used for shallow trenches below 6m or deep trenches surpassing 6m in depth. The techniques used for this type depend on factors like the purpose, ground conditions, number of obstructions, etc.

Basement Excavation

Usually, the basement is the space beneath the ground level. This excavation happens when the building is at least partly below ground. The complexity of this excavation varies depending on the property size. It can get intricate, considering the size of the property and the excavation needed.

Dredging

As time passes, sediment accumulates underwater, creating challenges for construction and navigation. Dredging is digging and clearing sediments and debris from underwater areas, facilitating smooth passage for boats and ships, and serving other construction needs.

What Are the Procedures for Excavation?

To overcome whatever hindrances occur and complete a construction project successfully, five main steps have to be accomplished:

• Rough-Staking – this process is necessary to identify approximately where a home or other building will be situated. If trees or other obstacles have to be moved, rough-staking will make this more obvious by placing stakes around the designated area where the structure will be built.
• Clearing – if your excavation site has vegetation or tree roots that must be removed, this happens during the clearing phase. If there's a significant amount of this material, you may need to decide where all the debris must be hauled.
• Excavation – any building that requires a basement will have to be excavated, and the removed dirt will have to go somewhere. You can count on heavy equipment like bulldozers or backhoes to be involved in this phase and dump trucks to haul away fill.
• Rough-Grading – some of the dirt removed during excavation can be backfilled around the home to establish the right pitch toward the curb for drainage purposes. Then, you'll also have to overlay that fill dirt with the richer topsoil removed so that grass and shrubbery can grow well around the home.
• Erosion Control – some locations have regulations about not allowing topsoil to be eroded by runoff from heavy rains, so you may have to investigate local restrictions. In any case, though, steps must be taken to prevent your cleared plot of land from having soil washed away and possibly into adjacent properties. This ceases to be an issue once the grass is growing on the land, but until that happens, the effects of erosion must be accounted for.

What are the Safety Procedures for Excavation?

Competent Person Inspection

A competent person must inspect all excavations and trenches before workers can enter such worksites. After rainstorms or floods, a qualified person must check excavation sites to confirm stability before work resumes.

Adequate and Clear Entry and Exits

OSHA calls it access and egress. People working in trenches need an open way in and out. Make sure nothing is blocking the entry, like materials or tools. If the trench is 4 feet deep or more, workers should have a ladder, stairs, a ramp, or something similar to leave the site.

Exposure to Falling Loads and Falling Objects

Keeping heavy excavation equipment and materials away from the edges of excavation and trench sites is crucial to protect people from risks. Ensure excavated soil, stones, and other materials are kept at least 2 feet away from trench edges to prevent them from sliding and falling on peope below. Everyone should also be cautious about working beneath suspended materials and loads.

Protective Systems to Prevent Cave-ins

OSHA recommends a protective system from soil movement and cave-ins in trenches and excavations.

• Benching trench walls - This entails molding the sidewalls of the excavation to seem like steps to prevent soil erosion and cave-ins.
• Sloping trench walls - When working on the trench or excavation, cut or dig the sidewalls away from the base at an angle.
• Shoring trench walls - To support excavation walls, we utilize external supports or supplementary shoring systems made of strong materials like aluminum. This ensures soil stability and prevents collapses.
• Shielding trench walls – This entails supporting the excavation site sidewalls with trench boxes and other materials.

Worker Training

Training workers to know the hazards and safeguards needed when working at excavation and trench worksites is also crucial to ensure their occupational safety and health.

What Should Occur Before Beginning An Excavation?

When it comes to a piece of land you want to develop, you must first prepare the site for excavation. This seems like a simple process, but there's more to it than you might think, and it's a vital step in the overall process.

If you're looking for a professional excavating company to deal with all of the aspects of your site, contact Shilling Excavation to get the job done. The following are the major steps for excavation site work.

Site Surveying

A surveyor will come to the site to ensure it is in the right location and within the parameters and boundaries it is supposed to be within. They will place markers around the site to guarantee the developers know the perimeter.

Site Clearing

The ground must be completely cleared and leveled before a site can be developed. This initial process begins with clearing any trees and their roots that might be in the way. The site workers will also remove any structures or objects within the ground, buildings, or obstacles that might be sitting on the excavation land.

Soil Testing

A soil testing will be done to check its potential structural integrity to ensure it can withstand a normal force great enough to support the buildings that will be developed eventually. They'll also test how well the soil absorbs water to check how likely the area is to flood.

Geotechnical Site Investigation

Similar to the soil testing process, investigators will examine the rock composition within the area and the groundwater conditions of the excavation site. This is very crucial for understanding how to build a foundation for the structures that'll sit on the surface.

Site Plan Design

This is a vital step in the pre-build phase of site development. The site plan entails all of the information about the site, like where buildings will be located, where access roads will be built for construction vehicles, where supplies will be stored to be easily accessible, and where drainage and septic systems will be built.

Hire a Reputable Excavation Contractor

At Shilling Excavation, we take safety seriously and do everything to ensure the safety of our workers and the excavation site. Whether you need an excavator for a small job or an extensive contractor project, you can depend on us to do the job safely and efficiently. This is just one of the many reasons customers continually choose us over our competitors. Contact us today!

Driveways are an understated asset of any property, be it residential or commercial. Properly build a driveway with excavation and it significantly boosts your property's functional and cosmetic appeal, raising its commercial value and capability to suit your needs.

A well-built driveway lets occupants park their vehicles hassle-free while also allowing them to walk and drive safely to and from the property’s premises. Aside from these practical reasons, a polished driveway will also let your property stand out—raising its future salability.

So if you are looking to build or renovate your worn-out driveway, here are 5 things you should anticipate and prepare to build a driveway with excavation:

Make your end goal clear

Whether you are building a new driveway from scratch or looking to improve your current one, arriving at a clear vision of what you want and what you need can help make the next steps easier to tread. Considerations such as materials, cost, and even the contractors you will hire will all depend on the vision you have for your driveway.

Commonly, planning starts with knowing the cost restrictions. This is where the size of your driveway comes into play. For instance, using gravel can be the wisest choice, especially if your driveway is spacious. However, the more expensive brick, pavers, or stamped concrete might be feasible for smaller driveways. Keep in mind that larger driveway areas do not necessarily entail a larger construction costs.

Next, what is the look you are going for? If you want the traditional concrete or asphalt look, a bricked driveway, or a lower-maintenance gravel driveway, a clear target will help make the construction and transactions smoother. However, you would have to keep in mind that not all of these materials are resilient in all climates, with some even cracking or shifting over time.

Even if you are unsure about some specifics of your driveway, having a general vision will help narrow down your options and help you decide the best option according to your budget, function, and visual requirements.

Hiring experts will go a long way

In choosing the right excavation contractor for your project, remember that there are non-negotiable factors your contractor should bring to the table. At first glance, hiring amateurs might look like the cost-effective route to build a driveway with excavation, but the process can be unexpectedly rigorous and require much priming.

Ensuring all technical due diligence is done correctly greatly helps in giving you a driveway that can withstand extended stress, allow smoother and safer transport by staying even for a long time, and overall saves you bucks from minimal maintenance work or repair jobs.

Much like any construction project, you get your money’s worth when you get the job done right the first time. Using the right equipment, tools, and expertise, a professional excavation contractor helps accelerate the project timeframe, which can be a huge cost-saver.

For instance, some excavation services providers can provide end-to-end services for your driveway installation. From site analysis and planning, excavating to make way for your driveway’s foundations, installing drainage infrastructure, paving to evenly lay your chosen material, landscaping to give your new or improved driveway a polished look, up to cleaning up the site from debris and equipment.

Choose the appropriate driveway foundation

A long-lasting and high-quality driveway relies on its foundations. This is why choosing the appropriate substructure for your driveway is one of the major determinants of its shelf life and deterioration rate.

Once the excavation is done, there is now a void that needs to be repleted with a stone and gravel base. How thick this foundation should be will depend on your property’s soil type. For instance, porous soils such as sandy ones will typically only require 4 inches of stone and gravel base since this soil type drains water quickly. On the other hand, for clay-type soils, 8 inches of stone and gravel base is needed since it requires more time for water to pass through.

This is why site analysis and planning is a crucial part of preparing a site for construction. Determining the soil quality and terrain helps your contractors choose the best-suited soil type for your driveway, letting them appropriately prepare and install structures that will last longer.

However, be on the lookout for contractors who skimp out on the foundations so they can quote you a lower price. When it comes to hiring excavation professionals, a lower upfront cost will not necessarily mean greater savings.

Watch out for your driveway drainage

Just like any construction, moisture is one of the leading causes of erosion and cracking in your driveway. Aside from this, excessive water can cause molding in your driveway, which can be an eyesore as much as it is a hazard for walking.

Driveway drainage allows surface water to slide away onto the ground instead of pooling into your driveway. Professionals who build a driveway with excavation know to prepare the drainage infrastructure ahead of time, which can come in the form of a sloped driveway or a channel drain system.

Without proper drainage, the pooled water from your driveway can head toward your house or commercial building and eventually seep through its interior walls and floors. Aside from being a structure hazard, this dampness and mold can also cause health problems for its occupants.

Take care of your new driveway

Once your new or improved driveway is fully installed, avoiding putting any weight on it during the first few weeks is crucial to prevent early damage. For the first 72 hours or 3 days, allow the driveway to cool completely. If it is unavoidable to walk on it, wait for at least 24 hours before you walk on the freshly-laid driveway.

For vehicular use, however, the heavier load requires more time before your new driveway can bear its full weight without taking damage. Avoid driving on it for the first 72 hours or 3 days, and definitely avoid parking on it for the first 14 days. Note that heavier vehicles such as campers or trucks will require more time before your driveway can safely accommodate them.

Although a driveway is generally low-maintenance, it is still important to administer regular maintenance and cleanup work on it so you can prevent potholes, bumps, crumbling, or cracks.

Final word of advice

Much like any project on your property, using high-quality materials and hiring qualified professionals to get the job done greatly determines not only the final result of your driveway but the smoothness of the experience as well.

Although building or renovating your driveway does not necessarily cost an arm and a leg, ensuring you use top-quality resources for its construction gives you a resilient driveway that can easily withstand years of use and serve your needs with minimal issues. Build it right the first time, and you will find your return on investment on your new or renovated driveway worth every penny.

At the end of the day, a driveway’s purpose is to carry heavy loads such as vehicles or equipment for extended periods. Properly priming your driveway and equipping it with the appropriate substructures and materials saves you from expensive rework construction, minimizes maintenance work and potential headaches in the long run.